Establishment of a family type orphanage as an educational phenomenon

Abstract

The article has characterized the peculiarities of the establishment of a family type orphanage as a social institution for upbringing orphans and children whose parents were deprived of parental rights. The article has examined historical preconditions of the priority of family upbringing of children without parental care. The article has also analyzed the legal framework that defines child protection in our country as a strategic national priority and establishes the basic principles of state policy in the field of realization of children’s rights to life, health care, development and education, social protection, as well as the right for a name, nationality, and living in a family environment. The article has explored the specifics of educational and socializing activities of a family type orphanage, which combines the family environment and pedagogical methods of socialization. The educational functions of this institution directly affect the involvement of a child in social life. The nature of the relationship between students and educators is based on the attitude of mutual interest. Not a big number of children allow their parents to apply individual and comprehensive approaches and control negative manifestations and influences.

The article has described the phased activity of a family type orphanage: the preparatory process of foster parents, adoption of children, the period of adaptation and interaction of all family members. Social support is a mechanism for providing assistance by specialists of the centers of social services for families, children and youth. This mechanism aims to establish cooperation with various professionals to ensure appropriate conditions for education in a family type orphanage. The pedagogical influence is directed on comprehensive and harmonious development of children based on revealing their interests and needs. Understanding of the psychological development of students is necessary for behavior correction. The article defines the mechanisms of pedagogical influence and conditions of formation of students’ personality on the example of foster parents, provided communication and emotional contact between children and parents are established, everyone is involved in decision-making and a positive educational and socializing environment is created.