Psychological and didactic features of the lesson in a modern primary school in the context of vasyl sukhomlynsky’s pedagogical ideas

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of organizational forms of education, in particular the lesson which provides the solution of educational problems. Particular attention is paid to the importance of using Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s pedagogical ideas in solving this problem. In the conditions of the implementation of the main provisions of the Concept of the New Ukrainian School and the law of Ukraine «On Education» the problem of preparing teachers for work in primary school today becomes especially actual. After all, the professional destiny of the student leaving general-educational schools is largely decided in a primary school, where the foundations of mathematical, philological, natural and artistic competence are laid. The challenges pedagogical institutions and Ukrainian teachers face today are quite complex. They make new demands on three main didactic categories: the content of education, teaching methods and organizational forms of learning. Among these three didactic categories it is necessary and important to single out the one that ensures the implementation of the semantic and operational-psychological components of the learning process. This is a lesson. In the conditions of NUS the problem of a lesson is defined as one of the main ones. The lesson as a didactic category the method of its implementation occupy one of the main places in Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s pedagogical system. He saw one of his tasks as improving the educational process by making adjustments psychological and didactic advice for the lessons. Based on the lessons attended and analyzed in primary school, Vasyl Sukhomlynsky defined there structure, didactic principles, methods and tasks. The lesson has always been the central subject of Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s professional attention and care. He believed that attending and analyzing lessons are the most important dutis of the school principal. Vasyl Sukhomlynsky paid special attention to the psychological culture of a teacher during the lesson. The experience of conducting a lesson under the blue sky deserves special attention today. Underestimation of Vasyl Sukhomlynsky’s psychological and didactic advice significantly limits the educational opportunities of the lesson in modern primary school. The pedagogical experience of the famous teacher requires special attention and tolerant, wise implementation.