Foreign experience of schoolchildren training of the defense of own country
Abstract
The article considers the foreign experience of training schoolchildren to defend their country, reveals the peculiarities of training children both in the educational process and in the activities of public and children's organizations. In particular, the Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC) program (USA) is analyzed, which aims to develop character qualities in children who plan to choose a military profession in the future and combines educational and physical training. It has been established that there are 3,000 specialized military classes in the United States where schoolchildren are trained in this program.
The effectiveness of the National Defense Cadet Corp (NDCC) has been proven, funded by local communities, where children from the age of 11 and private and public military colleges. In Canada, there is a network of military secondary educational institutions, where the state program of military training of schoolchildren is implemented through the Canadian Cadet Organization (CCO). The activity of the Robert Land Academy (RLA) – the only private military academy of non-university level - was also analyzed. In Great Britain, a significant role is played by the Community Cadet Forces (ССF), a network of youth organizations engaged in the training of army cadets, sea cadets and air force cadets.
The specificity of training schoolchildren in Germany has a social alternative character. The specifics of the training of schoolchildren in Switzerland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland and the modernization of educational programs in accordance with the challenges of the times were studied. Attention is also paid to the preparation of schoolchildren for the defense of the country in Japan and China.
The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that its materials can be used in the organization of the educational and educational process of institutions of general secondary education, the training of teachers and the pedagogical practice of students.
