Formation and development hygienic education of children and youth in educational institutions of Galicia in the end of the XIX century – in the 30s of the XX century

Abstract

The article is devoted to the hygienic education of children and youth in Galicia in the late XIX – in the 30s of the XX century. Through the prism of historical experience, the activities of medical institutions (Ukrainian Hygienic Society (UHS), Ukrainian Medical Society (UMS), «Medical Community», «People's Hospital»), educational, cultural, educational, women's, economic, children's and youth, student, charitable, other public organizations (Ukrainian Pedagogical Society (UPS) «Ridna Shkola», «Prosvita», Union of Ukrainian Women, «Silskyi Hospodar», «Academic Community», Petro Mohyla Society, etc.) in the field of hygienic education. Effective forms, productive means of mass medical education of children and adults in Galicia, which significantly affected the health of people, were analyzed. On the example of the Ukrainian Hygienic Society (1929–1939) it is covered how Ukrainian public activists, especially public doctors (O. Kozakevych, S. Mahalyas, M. Muzyka, R. Osinchuk, M. Panchyshyn, S. Parfanovych and etc.), medical students, in close cooperation with UMS, UPS «Ridna Shkola», the Union of Ukrainian Women and other activists disseminated sanitary and hygienic knowledge through the organization of hygiene courses, thematic lectures, contributed to the prevention of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, conducted anti-tuberculosis classes, carried out preventive examinations, etc.  Emphasis was placed on the course training of medical volunteers, «hygienists» girls, as well as on the hygienic education of students of UPS «Ridna Shkola», where they taught «Fundamentals of Hygiene», conducted active educational work with students in this area. The role of Ukrainian public periodicals in the dissemination of hygienic knowledge of children and youth is analyzed. The ways of using the productive historical experience of Ukrainian public associations in the field of hygienic education of children and youth in Galicia in the study period under modern conditions of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic are outlined.