HUMANISTIC TENDENCIES IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION: A THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of humanization in the educational process of preschool children. The humanistic tendencies in the theory and practice of domestic and foreign scientists and educators are analyzed and analyzed. The basic principles of the humanistic approach to the upbringing of children are determined. A prerequisite for the humanist orientation of the individual is a positive attitude. Of great significance is the formation in children of openness to the world of people as the needs of the individual, the skills of social behavior, conscious attitude to themselves as a free independent personality and to their own responsibilities, determined by ties with other people. An important factor in the formation of a healthy attitude of the child is the humanistic interaction with the educator in the educational and educational process of the institution of preschool education. Penetration into the inner world of the child, studying its peculiarities occurs in the process of humanistic interaction of the child and the teacher. Humanization of education involves a new type of professional thinking of a teacher based on personality-humane values, the ability to implement different types of inter-subjective dialogic interaction, recognition of the equality of the personality of the teacher and the child. The system of human-personal relations encourages the teacher to create such an educational space in which the child learns in the process of life itself, that is, he learns to change, improve the conditions of this life, and not to adapt to them. Humanism is, first of all, the recognition of the value of another person (including the child), his right to free development, the realization of his potential opportunities, the living of his own, and not someone else's life, the rejection of subjective assessments. Humanization of education involves the orientation of the educational process on the human essence; the orientation of its goals, content, forms and methods on the personality of the child. An Explanatory Dictionary of the Ukrainian language defines humanism as «a sensitive attitude towards a person who is absorbed in the care of her goodness, respect for her dignity».